One who sells a city – what is included? Are slaves considered like land or movable property? Can we derive an answer to that question from the mishna? The mishna mentioned beit hashlachin – what is its definition? Rabban Shimon ben Gamliel talked about a santar – what is its definition? One who sells a field what other items are and are not included in the sale?
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If one sold a courtyard or an olive press or a bathhouse, what items are included in the sale and what items are not included in the sale? As in the previous cases, Rabbi Eliezer disagrees with a few of the details.
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The gemara brings a braita relating to the difference in halacha between a tube created and attached to the ground or attached to the ground first and then hollowed out while attached to the ground. If the former case, it is considered a vessel and therefore water can’t be passed through there to fill up a mikveh as it is considered mayim sheuvim. In the latter case, it is considered attached to the ground and is not a vessel adn therefore one can fill up a mikveh through there. The gemara asks a question – this doesn’t seem to match Rabbi Eliezer or the rabbis opinions. First the gemara needs to establish which argument between Rabbi Eliezer and the rabbis is the question referring to and then it answers which opinion in that argument matches the braita.
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Rav and Shmuel choose sides in the Rabbi Akiva debate with the rabbis about whether one sells with a good eye or a bad eye. And discussions are held regarding their respective decisions. One who sells a house without specifying, what other items does it include? Millstones, locks, keys, ovens, etc?
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Further attempts to support or weaken Rav Dimi are brought but are rejected. When one sells a property, it doesn’t include a well or cistern (if it is not specified as learned previously). But does one have an accessway to get there or does one need to buy an access route? There is a debate between Rabbi Akiva and the rabbis about this. Is their debate based on a well known debate between them: does a seller sell with a “good” eye (includes more in the sale) or a “bad” eye (includes less in the sale)? Or is there a different debate going on here and that debate comes from a different mishna?
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When one says (or writes in a contract) that one is selling “part of the land” – is the intention half or not? Different uses of the word “part” may mean different things. Raba brings a few cases and explains the differences. However, Abaye disagrees with him and thinks there is no distinction between the cases as each can be explained in the same manner. A Levite can sell one property and stipulate that the owner give him the Levite tithes. How can one do this if it is selling something that does not yet exist? The assumption is he is retain rights to part fo the land. Reish Lakish makes an assumption that one can learn from here to a different case and Rav Zevid and Rav Pappa debate what the relevance of Reish Lakish’s statement is. Rav Dimi discusses the difference between a sale with no specification, one where it was stipulated that the buyer acquires the depths and the heights, and one where the buyer acquired from the depths of the earth to the height of the sky. What items are included in each case? The gemara tries to prove his statement from the next mishna, but then rejects the proof.
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When one sells a house, what parts of his property are not included in the sale?
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In what types of cases can one not build an opening (window or door) from his house? In extending an existing door, there are issues regarding not only seeing into the neighbor’s property but also in doing so, one gains rights to more space of the commonly shared courtyard as the space directly in front of the door belongs to the owner of the house. What if one has something that juts out into public space? There are two stories brought of people who came before rabbis who ruled they had to get rid of it but the rabbis themselves had something similar or the same in their own property. The stories highlight the needs of leaders to hold themselves to higher standards or at least to the same standards as they demand of others. In the context of things one must do to remember the destruction, the gemara discusses the concept of moderation and the concept of not demanding something of the people that they will not be able to keep.
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What types of things that either jut out into your neighbor’s property or affect your neighbor (like a window) can you create a chazaka on if they haven’t complained? It depends on whether or not it’s something we would expect the neighbor to complain about. If it is unlikely they will complain, then their lack of complaint doesn’t enable you to create a chazaka. In each case, what does it mean to create a chazaka? What types of things do they not even have the right to complain about?
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Rabbi Bena’a is demarcating graves and needs to go inside the burial caves to measure them. A story is told of what happens when he gets to Avraham’s grave and Adam’s grave. What is his purpose for going there? What is he allowed to see and what is he not allowed to see? Another story is told of an amgosh (seemingly a sorcerer) who goes into the graves of others to take things. Other stories of Rabbi Bena’a are brought as well, including one where he gets put in jail by the non-Jewish authorities and then released because of his great intelligence and made to be a judge. As judge he critiques and corrects a number of statements they have hung up at the entrance to their city. The next mishna discusses various things that may or may not create a chazaka depending on various factors including size – a gutter, the spout of the gutter, a ladder, windows.
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