If someone throws something out a window and on its way down, someone smashes it with a baseball bat, who is responsible? If someone falls off a roof onto someone, depending on what made him fall (typical or atypical wind) will affect the level of responsibility and what he needs to pay. Even though people are always responsible for their actions, there is a debate among the commentaries as to whether or not there is an exemption for a situation that was completely out of one’s control. The mishna says one leaves a jug in the middle of the street and someone breaks it, he is exempt. If the person for hurt by it, the owner is responsible to pay for damages. The rabbis of the Talmud have trouble understanding how one is not responsible for breaking someone else’s jug. Four answers are given and those answers have important ramifications in understanding this halacha.
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