The gemara begins to analyze the 3 opinions brought in the mishna regarding the purposes of the goat sin offerings brought on the outer altar on Yom Kippur and on the regalim and Rosh Chodesh.
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The braita which extrapolated exactly for what sin is the goat sin offering whose blood is sprinkled inside the kodesh kodashim meant to atone for is explained in detail.
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How do we know that the verses that obligate one to bring a sliding scale sin offering if one is impure is referring to one who entered the mikdash or ate kodashim? How do we know that the sin offering that the Kohen brings on Yom Kippur whose blood is sprinkled on the inner altar is for sins of one who entered the mikdash impure or ate kodashim in a case where he knew he was impure, then forgot and then didn’t remember?
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The mishna in Negaim which is somewhat parallel to our mishna regarding the 2 shades of white that are leprous in the Torah and the two that the Rabbis added, and elaborates a little more. The gemara explains that the mishna there doesn’t match Rabbi Akiva’s opinion as the mishna connects between Avot and Toladot and Rabbi Akiva connects between the order of the shades of white. The mishna then tries to derive from where we know Rabbi Akiva’s opinion. The first attempt is unsuccessful but the second succeeds. The gemara then explains about the different shades of the colors mentioned in the Torah. From where do we know that the verses in the Torah regarding the requirement to bring a sliding scale sin offering for an impure person relate to one who went into the mikdash or ate sacred food?
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When Rabbi Yehuda Hanasi wrote in the mishna “Shevuot 2 that are 4,” was it his own opinion also or was he just using Rabbi Akiva’s opinion but he actually doesn’t hold that way? Rebbi holds that “v’nelam” means he knew and then forgot – does that word mean that? By Sotah that word is mentioned and doesn’t mean that. The mishna states “Taking things out on Shabbat 2 that are 4” – this is different from the mishna in Shabbat that states that there are 2 that are 4 inside and 2 that are 4 outside. What are the mishnayot in each place referring to?
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Why is Shevuot written right after Makkot? The gemara asks a few more structural questions about the mishna itself. The gemara struggles to figure out whether the mishna follows Rabbi Yishmael or Rabbi Akiva.
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